Design & Development of a code convert circuit.
Binary to gray and gray to binary conversion
Aim:To Convert given binary numbers to gray codes.
Apparatus Reqired:
IC 7486,etc.
Procedure:
The Circuit connections are made as shown in fig.pin(14) is connected to +Vcc and pin (7) to Ground.in the case of binary to gray conversion,the
inputs B0,B1,B2,and B3 are given at Respective pins and outputs go,g1,g2,g3 are taken for all the 16 combinations of the input. in the case of gray
to binary conversion,the inputs g0,g1,g2,g3 and g3 are given at respective pins and outputs b0,b1,b2 and b3 are taken for all the 16 combinations of
inputs the values of the outputs are tabulated.Verification of the function of half adder.
Half Adder: A half adder has two inputs for the two bits to be added and two outputs one from the sum 's' and other from the carry 'c' into the higher adder
position.above circuit is called as a carry signal from the addition of the less significant bits sum from the X-OR Gate the carry out from the AND Gate.
Objectives:To implement a half adder using basic gates.
Equipment:The equipment you require is as follows:IC 7404,IC 7400,IC 7483 a half adder is a logical circuit that performs an addition operation on two one-bit
binary numbers often written as a and B,The half adder output is a sum of the two iputs usually represented with signals cout and sum.
Veryfication of the function of a full adder.
The full adder.
components:IC 7486,IC 7408,IC 7432
Theory:
Full Adder:
A Full Adder is a combinational circuit that forms the arithmetic sum of input;it consists of three inputs and two outputs.a full adder is useful to add three
bits at a time but a half adder cannot do so.in full adder sum output will be taken from X-OR Gate,Carry output will be taken from OR Gate.
Verification of the function of subtractor .4-bit adder/subtractor:
Components:IC 7483,IC 7486
Theory
4-BIT Binary Adder:
A Binary Adder is a Digital circuit that produces the arithmetic sum of two binary numbers.it can be constructed with full adders connected in cascade,with
the output carry from each full adder connected to the input carry of next full adder in chain,the augends bits of 'A' and the adden bits of 'B' are designated
by subscript numbers from right to left,with subscript 0 denoting the least significant bits. the carries are connected in chain through the full adder.the input
carry to the adder is co and it ripples through the full adder to the output carry c4
4-Bit Binary Subtractor:
The circuit for subtracting A-B Consists of an adder with inverters,placed between each data input 'B' and the corresponding input of full adder.the input carry
CO must be equal to 1 when performing subtraction.
the 74LS83 is a high speed 4-bit full adder.it accepts two 4-bit words (a1,to a4)and (b1 to b4) and a carry input (Co).it generates the binary sum outputs (s1 to s4)
and the carry output (c4) from the most significant bit,connect the carry input Co to O.
Showing fo the operation of multiplexer.
Title- Multiplexer
Aim To study multiplexer
Apparatus Power Supply,Breadboard.
Components Ic 74151,Leds.
Ic Pinout
Theory:
Multiplexer is a combinational ckt.that is one of the most widely used in digital design.the multiplexer is a data selector which gates one out of several i/ps to
a single o/p.it has n data i/ps & one o/p line & m select lines where 2m=n depending upon the digital code applied at the select inputs one out of n data input is
selected & transmitted to a single o/p channel. normally strobe (G) input is incorporated which is generaly active low which enables the multiplexer when it is low
stobe i/p helps in cascading.using NAND gate can be designed as shown in dgm. no of ics are available such as complementary o/ps Y&Y.the o/p Y is same as the selected
is its complement. the n:1 Multiplexer can be used to realize a m variable function.
output Terminal(pin-3)
the output can be low or high. and the load can be connected either between the output and Vcc or between the output the outputand the ground. the four possible
output configurations are shown in fig. the maximum sink or source current of the ic is 200 ma . the hgih output voltage is approximately 0.5 volts below Vcc and the
low output voltage is approximately 0.1 volt.
Trigger terminal (pin-2)
on the negative going excursion of the trigger input, when the trigger voltage passes through the reference voltage Vcc/3 the output of the comparator-2 sets the flip
flop and the voltage at the output terminal goes high.
Reset terminal (pin-4)
this allows the 555 ic timer to be disabled. and over-rides the command signals at the trigger input.when not used it should be connected to Vcc. if it is grounded.both
the output and discharge terminals will be approximately at the ground potential.
control voltage terminal (pin-5)
on a positve going excursion of the threshold voltage,when it passes through the reference voltage 2/3Vcc the output of the comparator -1 Resets the flip-flop and
output goes to the low state.
Note:Any question please ask me try your problem solve
Binary to gray and gray to binary conversion
Aim:To Convert given binary numbers to gray codes.
Apparatus Reqired:
IC 7486,etc.
Procedure:
The Circuit connections are made as shown in fig.pin(14) is connected to +Vcc and pin (7) to Ground.in the case of binary to gray conversion,the
inputs B0,B1,B2,and B3 are given at Respective pins and outputs go,g1,g2,g3 are taken for all the 16 combinations of the input. in the case of gray
to binary conversion,the inputs g0,g1,g2,g3 and g3 are given at respective pins and outputs b0,b1,b2 and b3 are taken for all the 16 combinations of
inputs the values of the outputs are tabulated.Verification of the function of half adder.
Half Adder: A half adder has two inputs for the two bits to be added and two outputs one from the sum 's' and other from the carry 'c' into the higher adder
position.above circuit is called as a carry signal from the addition of the less significant bits sum from the X-OR Gate the carry out from the AND Gate.
Objectives:To implement a half adder using basic gates.
Equipment:The equipment you require is as follows:IC 7404,IC 7400,IC 7483 a half adder is a logical circuit that performs an addition operation on two one-bit
binary numbers often written as a and B,The half adder output is a sum of the two iputs usually represented with signals cout and sum.
Veryfication of the function of a full adder.
The full adder.
components:IC 7486,IC 7408,IC 7432
Theory:
Full Adder:
A Full Adder is a combinational circuit that forms the arithmetic sum of input;it consists of three inputs and two outputs.a full adder is useful to add three
bits at a time but a half adder cannot do so.in full adder sum output will be taken from X-OR Gate,Carry output will be taken from OR Gate.
Verification of the function of subtractor .4-bit adder/subtractor:
Components:IC 7483,IC 7486
Theory
4-BIT Binary Adder:
A Binary Adder is a Digital circuit that produces the arithmetic sum of two binary numbers.it can be constructed with full adders connected in cascade,with
the output carry from each full adder connected to the input carry of next full adder in chain,the augends bits of 'A' and the adden bits of 'B' are designated
by subscript numbers from right to left,with subscript 0 denoting the least significant bits. the carries are connected in chain through the full adder.the input
carry to the adder is co and it ripples through the full adder to the output carry c4
4-Bit Binary Subtractor:
The circuit for subtracting A-B Consists of an adder with inverters,placed between each data input 'B' and the corresponding input of full adder.the input carry
CO must be equal to 1 when performing subtraction.
the 74LS83 is a high speed 4-bit full adder.it accepts two 4-bit words (a1,to a4)and (b1 to b4) and a carry input (Co).it generates the binary sum outputs (s1 to s4)
and the carry output (c4) from the most significant bit,connect the carry input Co to O.
Showing fo the operation of multiplexer.
Title- Multiplexer
Aim To study multiplexer
Apparatus Power Supply,Breadboard.
Components Ic 74151,Leds.
Ic Pinout
Theory:
Multiplexer is a combinational ckt.that is one of the most widely used in digital design.the multiplexer is a data selector which gates one out of several i/ps to
a single o/p.it has n data i/ps & one o/p line & m select lines where 2m=n depending upon the digital code applied at the select inputs one out of n data input is
selected & transmitted to a single o/p channel. normally strobe (G) input is incorporated which is generaly active low which enables the multiplexer when it is low
stobe i/p helps in cascading.using NAND gate can be designed as shown in dgm. no of ics are available such as complementary o/ps Y&Y.the o/p Y is same as the selected
is its complement. the n:1 Multiplexer can be used to realize a m variable function.
output Terminal(pin-3)
the output can be low or high. and the load can be connected either between the output and Vcc or between the output the outputand the ground. the four possible
output configurations are shown in fig. the maximum sink or source current of the ic is 200 ma . the hgih output voltage is approximately 0.5 volts below Vcc and the
low output voltage is approximately 0.1 volt.
Trigger terminal (pin-2)
on the negative going excursion of the trigger input, when the trigger voltage passes through the reference voltage Vcc/3 the output of the comparator-2 sets the flip
flop and the voltage at the output terminal goes high.
Reset terminal (pin-4)
this allows the 555 ic timer to be disabled. and over-rides the command signals at the trigger input.when not used it should be connected to Vcc. if it is grounded.both
the output and discharge terminals will be approximately at the ground potential.
control voltage terminal (pin-5)
on a positve going excursion of the threshold voltage,when it passes through the reference voltage 2/3Vcc the output of the comparator -1 Resets the flip-flop and
output goes to the low state.
Note:Any question please ask me try your problem solve
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